ga1 gi7 nang5 · sounds like "gah-gee-nang" · "our own people"

Who are the Teochew?

You heard the language in the film Dear You. Your grandmother speaks it. You've eaten the food without knowing it had a name. This is a home for the Teochew people, written in plain English by our own people.

11,000 Teochew words, searchable in English, characters or romanization. Open the dictionary

In one page

A people from one small corner of China, now everywhere

The Teochew (also spelled Teochiu or Chiu Chow; Chaozhou 潮州 in Mandarin) come from Chaoshan, a coastal plain in the far east of Guangdong province around the cities of Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang. About 14 million people live there today. Squeezed between mountains and the South China Sea, it was never big or rich. What it had was a port, and people willing to get on boats.

Well over five million Teochew live outside mainland China, most of them in families that have been Thai, Cambodian, Singaporean, Malaysian or Vietnamese for generations, and many of whom fled a second time in the late 1970s to France, the United States, Canada and Australia. In Thailand the Teochew are the largest Chinese group by a wide margin. In Cambodia they make up the majority of Chinese Cambodians.

The Teochew are not Cantonese, and the language is not a dialect of Mandarin. It is a Southern Min language, a cousin of Hokkien, and a Mandarin speaker cannot understand it. That's a big part of why the community stays tight-knit wherever it lands, and why the phrase you'll hear over and over is 家己人 gaginang, "our own people."

~25MTeochew worldwide
5M+Outside mainland China
#1Chinese group in Thailand
19%of Chinese Singaporeans
One people, many spellings

Teochew, Chiu Chow, Chaozhou, Diojiu. Same word.

潮州 was romanized by whoever was writing it down, in whatever language they spoke. You'll see all of these, and they all mean us. On this site we say Teochew, because that's how we say it.

TeochewAlso Teochiu, Tiechiu. The English and Southeast Asian spelling, from how we say it ourselves.
Chiu ChowThe Cantonese pronunciation. Hong Kong and older British sources: "Chiu Chow cuisine."
ChaozhouThe Mandarin pronunciation in Pinyin. Maps, Chinese media, the city itself.
Dio-ziuPeng'im, the Teochew romanization (dio5 ziu1). Tie-chiu in old missionary texts.
Chaoshan潮汕, the whole region: Chaozhou plus Shantou plus Jieyang. "Chaoshan people" means Teochew people.
SwatowThe old spelling of Shantou, the port. "Swatow lace," "Swatow ware."
Gaginang家己人. Not a place. "Our own people," what we call each other. The name of this site.
The map

Where our own people are

Three layers. The communities we know of today, the Teochew associations and temples you can actually walk into (including the ones named "Cambodian Chinese" or "Indochinese Chinese," which are ours too), and the letters: the remittance network that connected all of it for 145 years. Click a dot. Missing your city or your association? Tell us.

Jump to:

Zoomed out, one red dot per metro; zoom in and it splits into the actual neighborhoods. Association pins are drawn from published addresses; darker gold pins are Chinese Cambodian, Vietnamese, Laotian and Indochinese associations, which in practice are mostly Teochew. Zoom in on Chaoshan to see the eight historic counties (潮州八邑) with their Teochew names, the ones you hear in association names abroad. Migration routes show the two great waves: out of Swatow from the 1800s, and out of Indochina after 1975. Every popup cites its source. Copy the link to share exactly what you are looking at.

Gaginang

This is the beginning of something

Gaginang started because the knowledge is not getting passed down. Grandparents are going, the language is fading, and the story of the Teochew people, especially the Southeast Asian chapter, is barely written in English. The plan is to build a place where our own people can come together: family stories, a growing language guide, an oral history archive, and eventually a community. If you're Teochew, part Teochew, married into it, or just curious, leave your email and we'll let you know when it opens.

No spam. One email when there's something worth seeing.